This study examined the relationship between strategic quality management and process performance amongst oil refining and petrochemical companies in Nigeria. The study used a cross-sectional survey design and collected data using a structured questionnaire. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 was used for all statistical analyses. The results revealed that there was significant relationship between the dimensions of strategic quality management (Leadership, Customers’ focus, strategic quality planning and continuous Improvement) and process performance (Productivity and Profit margin). Further, organizational culture positively impacts the relationship between the strategic quality management and process performance in the refining and petrochemical companies in Nigeria. Thus, it is was recommended among others that the refineries and petrochemical companies to build a corporte culture that emphasizes routine turnaround maintenance, quality improvement, design a robust training program, and commercialization of the refineries and petrochemical through adopting the LNG Model for 90% through-put, for optimal performance of the refining and petrochemical companies in Nigeria.

 Keywords: Strategic Quality Management; Productivity; Leadership; Profit Margin; Customer Focus;